Hopewell S, Adedire O, Copsey BJ et al (2018) Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Sherrington C, Tiedemann A (2015) Physiotherapy in the prevention of falls in older people. Sherrington C, Fairhall NJ, Wallbank GK et al (2019) Exercise for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Veronese N, Maggi S (2018) Epidemiology and social costs of hip fracture. Tinetti ME, Speechley M, Ginter SF (1988) Risk factors for falls among elderly persons living in the community. Lusardi MM, Fritz S, Middleton A et al (2017) Determining risk of falls in community dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis using posttest probability. Haagsma JA, Olij BF, Majdan M et al (2020) Falls in older aged adults in 22 European countries: incidence, mortality and burden of disease from 1990 to 2017. Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations. United Nations (2019) World population ageing. Initial evidence of QTUG’s responsiveness to change in mobility in active middle to older age adults has been demonstrated with small to moderate effect sizes observed in specific QTUG parameters. Several QTUG parameters showed improvements in mean values with small effect sizes (sit -to-stand transition time d = 0.418 walk time d = 0.398 cadence d = 0.306, swing time d = 0.314 step time d = 0.479 gait velocity d = 0.365 time to reach turn d = 0.322) under single-task conditions and with a moderate effect size ( d = 0.549) in time taken to turn under the dual-task condition. MDC in QTUG was calculated as 0.77 (Sd, 1.39 ICC 0.96) seconds (single task) and 2.33 (Sd 2.18 ICC 0.85) seconds (dual task). There was a strong positive correlation between change in the standard TUG and change in QTUG (single task r = 0.91, p < 0.001). MDC and effect sizes (standardized mean difference and Cohen’s d) were also calculated for QTUG. Responsiveness of the QTUG was assessed by correlation of change in standard TUG with QTUG change (Pearson’s correlation coefficient). Methodsĥ4 participants (91% females, mean age 63.6 ± 6.5 years) completed repeated QTUG testing under single- and dual-task conditions. To examine the responsiveness, minimum detectable change (MDC) and observed effect size of QTUG in a cohort of socially active adults aged 50 years and over participating in a structured community exercise program. The Quantitative Timed Up and Go (QTUG) test uses wearable sensors, containing a triaxial accelerometer and an add-on triaxial gyroscope, to quantify performance during the TUG test with potential to capture more minor changes in mobility.
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